USS Conway (DD-507) was a Fletcher-class destroyer of the United States Navy. She was launched on 16 August 1942 and commissioned on 9 October 1942, with Nathaniel Scudder Prime as her captain. Prime remained in command until 16 October 1943.
Conway left Norfolk on 5 December 1942 bound for Nouméa and Efate, reaching the South Pacific on 13 January 1943. On 27 January she sailed with a force sent to intercept Japanese ships that were taking troops off Guadalcanal. In the Battle of Rennell Island, on 29 and 30 January, that force came under heavy air attack. Conway brought down several enemy aircraft and took aboard men from the cruiser Chicago. Through February her patrols ran from Espiritu Santo down to Guadalcanal. From 4 to 6 March she joined the shelling of Vila-Stanmore and a sweep for shipping in Kula Gulf. From 10 March she trained and patrolled out of Efate.
On 15 June 1943 she sailed from Efate to support the landings at Rendova, guarding supply ships, and she kept that escort duty through the New Georgia operations while also shelling Kolombangara and Munda. From 26 July to 12 August she worked from Purvis Bay, screening ships that were refueling and striking at night at Japanese shipping in the Slot. She left Purvis Bay on 13 August for the Vella Lavella landing, shepherded LSTs and supply ships to the beach, and then patrolled north and west of the island. On 30 August she was back at Guadalcanal with the transports that brought the First Marine Raiders. Until 12 September she spent nights hunting enemy barges off that coast. Harold Gardiner Bowen took command on 16 October 1943.
A refit in Fiji, followed by time at Sydney, preceded her return to Southwest Pacific duty in October 1943. On 27 October she took part in the first landings in the Treasury Islands and then in the landings on Choiseul. She supported the Bougainville assault on 29 October and, through 10 February 1944, stayed with the troops ashore there, bringing in reinforcement convoys and firing at targets along the coast. From 11 to 17 February she joined the Green Island landings, then went back to the Bougainville work. Between 28 February and 17 March, by day she shelled targets on New Britain and on New Ireland, and by night she searched those waters for enemy ships. Until 4 May she kept to escort work, patrol, and cruiser drills among the Solomons. John Henry Besson became captain on 1 May 1944.
At Majuro on 8 May 1944 Conway joined the Fifth Fleet. She left Majuro on 14 May for Pearl Harbor and Kwajalein, where she took troops aboard for Saipan. She put them ashore on 15 June under heavy gunfire and stayed off the island as a close-support and screening ship. After replenishing at Eniwetok she joined the bombardment that preceded the assaults on Guam and Tinian, and she remained to cover the Tinian landings. She kept operating through the Mariana Islands campaign until 12 August, then shaped a course for overhaul at San Francisco. She was back at Ulithi on 21 November 1944 and joined the Seventh Fleet. She left promptly, patrolling Leyte Gulf, joining a sweep against shipping in the Camotes Sea, and shelling Plompon and Ormoc Bay. After replenishing at Kossol Roads she covered the Mindoro landings. She then watched the waters on Mindoro's western side, inside the Sulu Sea, until 23 December, when she put in at Manus.
Her next sailing, on 31 December, carried her to the first assaults at Lingayen and at Corregidor, and to Parang. Philippine duty lasted into June 1945. On 7 June she left Subic Bay with the force assigned to cover the Brunei Bay operation from a distance. She covered minesweeping, fired before the assault at Balikpapan, stood guard over the underwater demolition team that was readying the beach, and shelled the shore while the landings were under way. After a short rest at Leyte she took part in the landings at Saragani Bay on Mindanao. Arthur Gernt Harrison assumed command on 13 July 1945. When the war ended she took up a patrol east of Leyte Gulf and helped clear mines in the Yellow Sea, calling at Okinawa and Qingdao. From 20 to 24 September 1945 she was at Jinsen in Korea. She then served as flagship in the South and East China Seas while Chinese soldiers were moved from Indochina to Formosa and on to Manchuria. On 29 December she left Shanghai. The voyage took her by way of San Diego and New York City to Charleston, where she arrived on 13 March 1946. She left active service and went into reserve at Charleston on 25 June 1946. For her wartime service she received 13 battle stars.
Conway returned to commission at Boston on 8 November 1950 after conversion to an escort destroyer, numbered DDE-507. Once her training was finished she left Norfolk on 14 May 1951 and reached Sasebo on 15 June. She guarded a convoy on the run from Shandong to Manchuria, joined hunter-killer drills off Okinawa, and screened Task Force 77 off the Korean coast. From 14 to 28 October she carried out bombardments at Wonsan, Hungnam, Hodo Pando, and Kolgochi-Ri, and she patrolled those same stretches of coast. She left Sasebo on 31 October, passed through the Suez Canal, crossed the Mediterranean and the Atlantic, and was back at Norfolk on 20 December.
Norfolk was her home port for coastal and Caribbean training. On 16 September 1953 she left for NATO maneuvers in northern Atlantic waters, then went on to the Mediterranean with the Sixth Fleet and returned to Norfolk on 8 February 1954. Her work centered on antisubmarine warfare. She went back to the Mediterranean in 1955 and again in 1957, and on the 1957 cruise she patrolled the eastern Mediterranean and the Dardanelles while crisis gripped Jordan. Early that fall she called at ports in northern Europe during further NATO exercises. From January to March 1958 she tried out fresh antisubmarine gear in the waters off Key West. In April 1958 she went to sea with Task Force Alfa, a group trying out antisubmarine tactics, and she spent most of 1958, 1959, and 1960 at sea with that force. In June 1960 she visited Quebec City. That December she helped rescue survivors after a merchant tanker broke in two off Cape Hatteras. She returned to the designation DD-507 on 30 June 1962. From July through December 1966 she deployed to the western Pacific in connection with the war in Vietnam. Her name was struck from the Naval Vessel Register on 15 November 1969, and on 26 June 1970 she was sunk as a target.